The word, in Yiddish and Hebrew, is “akshan,” stubborn. The kind of stubborn shown by a mule who won’t move no matter the farmer’s inducement. The kind of stubborn the AA had in mind when it promoted the saying, “Insanity is trying the same unsuccessful methods and expecting a different outcome.” Fred Flintstone stubborn. Pickett’s charge stubborn. Talk about cutting off your nose to spite your face! —Rabbi Kerry Baker

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